AI in Research: AI in Research

A selection of Chatbot tools

Both humans and AI hallucinate — but not in the same way - CSIRO
Large language models have been shown to ‘hallucinate’ entirely false information, but aren’t humans guilty of the same thing? So what’s the difference between both?

Tools for use in research:

Citation mapping tools visualise and analyse the relationships between scholarly publications based on their citations. 

• Allow researchers to identify seminal papers
• Help categorise literature
• Find academic papers they may not have known existed

Monash Hospital Library have created a matrix of some citation mapping tools with a rating.

• AI Search Tools Matrix 
  Decision matrix from Monash Hospital Library to choose the AI search tool that suits your needs.  
• Consensus: AI-powered Academic Search Engine
  Uses language models to surface papers and synthesise insights from academic research papers.  Material comes from Semantic Scholar database.
• Elicit
  Uses artificial intelligence (AI) to help researchers discover and understand scholarly literature by allowing users to input a seed paper/s, generating a network map of related papers, highlighting the most important and influential papers in the field.
• Litmaps
  A web-based tool that provides access to a vast database of publications.  It has the capability to display papers as network graphs, using algorithm to calculate which citations and references are most likely to be relevant to your research. By analysing the connections between papers, Litmaps can offer recommendations, eliminating the need for users to generate specific search keywords.
   
• ResearchRabbit
  ResearchRabbit is innovative citating tracking tool that allows users to optimise their searching by using 'collections' and relevant (seed) articles to discover references.

• ChatPDF
  An AI-powered tool that allows users to interact with and extract information from PDF documents through a conversational interface.
• Lateral
  A web application that helps researchers, efficiently read, organise, search, annotate, and share research documents and literature by providing AI-powered suggestions, text highlighting, collaborative features, and the ability to export findings with references.
• Scholarcy
  An online tool that assists researchers, read, summarise, and organise long-form articles, research papers, and documents.
• Scite AI
  Scite AI is used for discovering and evaluating scientific articles via Smart Citations. Smart Citations allow users to see how a publication has been cited by providing the context of the citation and a classification describing whether it provides supporting or contrasting evidence for the cited claim.

Acknowledge your use of generative AI
If generative AI is used to generate ideas or plan your process, it necessitates acknowledgement and declaration on how the tool was used, even when AI generated content is not included.
Declaration of acknowledgement
Aims to create clarity and transparency about:

• Specific AI tools or technologies you used
• What you used the AI tools or technologies for in the process
• Prompts you used in the AI tools or technologies
• Explanation of how the output from the AI tools or technologies

A declaration to acknowledge how you have used AI tools and technologies in work can be added at the end of your reference list.

Acknowledgement/declarations template

Declaration
I acknowledge the use of [AI tool or technology name] and [link] to generate.../I have not used any AI tools or technologies to prepare this document/paper

Prompt:  I entered the following prompt/s...

Use:  I used the output to.../I modified the output to...

Example of acknowledgement:

I acknowledge the use of the [INSERT TOOL NAME] from [INSERT DEVELOPER NAME-LINK ]
The prompts used include [LIST THEM].  
The following prompts were entered into [INSERT TOOL NAME] on [INSERT DATE]:

Guidelines for referencing AI text generators are evolving. 

Citing for journal publication will depend on the publisher. It is advised to contact the publisher to confirm.

Example:

When given a follow-up prompt of “What is a more accurate representation?” the ChatGPT-generated text indicated that “different brain regions work together to support various cognitive processes” and “the functional specialization of different regions can change in response to experience and environmental factors” (OpenAI, 2023; see Appendix A for the full transcript).

Reference

OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 14 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat